Land-atmosphere interactions is a research field and fundamental concept in Earth system science that investigates the dynamic exchange processes of energy, water, trace gases, and momentum occurring at the interface between the terrestrial surface and the overlying atmosphere. This interdisciplinary domain examines how these reciprocal exchanges influence both atmospheric conditions (weather and climate patterns) and the state and processes of the land surface (hydrology, vegetation dynamics, biogeochemistry), highlighting their critical significance for understanding climate variability, predicting weather, and modeling global change.